GS - II

Polity


Governance


International Relation



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Rocks and Minerals

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Any natural mass of mineral matter that makes up the earth’s crust is called a Rock. There are three major types of rocks Igneous rocks Sedimentary rocks and Metamorphic rocks. When the molten magma cools, it becomes solid. Rocks thus formed are called igneous or primary rocks . Igneous rock is two types, Extrusive igneous rocks (Basalt). Intrusive igneous rocks (Granite). Rocks roll down and break into small fragments and these smaller particles are called sediments. These sediments are transported, compressed and hardened to form layers of rocks. These types of rocks are called sedimentary rock (Contain Fossil). Igneous and sedimentary rocks can change into metamorphic rocks under great heat and pressure. – Example: Clay changes into slate and limestone into marble. The process of transformation of the rock from one to another is called the rock cycle.
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Positive & Negative Aspects of Socio-Cultural Reform Movement

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Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS), National Security Council & SPG

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