Good Governance

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Concept of Good Governance
  • The concept of good governance existed even during the days of Chanakya. He had mentioned it elaborately in Arthashastra. Citizens centric administration lies on the foundation of good governance. Good governance is made up of the following 8 attributes.
    • Accountable
    • Transparent
    • Responsive
    • Participatory
    • Consensus Oriented
    • Follows Rule of Law
    • Effective and efficient
    • Equitable and Inclusive.
Emergence of Good Governance:
(Governance focus on Market reforms & Good governance focus on state controlled market reforms. Ex: China – State sponsored capitalism).
  • There is no any universal model for Good Governance.
  • One of the common objective to achieve Good Governance is it demand for the transition in governance structures and processes have revolutionized the overreach of service delivery.
  • In India, there are several challenges that still hinder the process of service delivery like
    • Lack of responsiveness,
    • Greater negligence in public service,
    • Corruption got exemplified
    • Crony capitalism, Lemon socialism got emerged,
    • poor maintenance of quality in delivery of public services, etc...
    • Inequality divide, Urban & Rural divide, Digital divide,
    • Jobless Growth,
    • Exclusion & Inclusion Error.
In developing countries, it strongly believes that state should play a vital role in providing for basic services such as education, health, banking, livelihood and infrastructure etc.
  • Even global institutions and Development Economist also recognise that Good governance is not only concerned with promoting market but also it argued for a stable political regime (Strong Government), appropriate legal framework (Well defined/ Stable framework not ad hocism), conducive social institutions (More development & voices/Independence for civil society) and social values (Globalisation thoughts when applying consider local value).
  • Hence, elected representatives and public officials realise the role of a state which takes the centre stage in the governance and delivery of public services. (Ensure responsibility of elective representative).
  • Subsidizing of resources become the common agenda in delivery of services by means of direct benefit transfer.
  • Effective Regulatory Mechanism is precondition for achieving level playing field as well as ensure rights of the Citizens. (Regulatory overburden)
  • Harnessing ICT. (Increase use of Information & Communication technology let to e-governance, e-governance is medium to achieve good governance).
For Fiscal Consolidation: Expenditure reduce or tax base Increase → Vijay Kelkar Committee → Recommended Horizontal tax base increase & Subsidy rationalize → Categories of subside (Public, Merit & Non-merit Goods) – Remove subsidy for nom-merit goods, reform in Merits goods → to reform avoid inclusion & exclusion error avoid, Interface include → JAM Credit (Jan Dhan Yojana, Aadhaar and Mobile number →JAM Trinity (Link Aadhar to bank) → direct benefit transfer to beneficiary → Fiscal Consolidation)
Governance to Good Governance is an incremental mechanism, ITC play vital role in Good Governance
Citizen Administration Interface – How citizen relation/ Contact with administration, very specific to the bureaucratic machinery.
Main Pillars of Good Governance
Good governance aims at providing public services effectively, efficiently, and equitably to the citizens. Good governance aims at providing an environment in which all citizens irrespective of caste, class, and gender can develop to their full potential.
  • Ethos (of service to the citizens)
  • Ethics (Honesty, Integrity, and Transparency)
  • Equity (Treating all citizens alike with empathy for weaker sections)
  • Efficiency (Speedy and effective delivery of service without harassment and using ICT increasingly).

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