G – 77 (135 Members)

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India’s growing strategic partnerships with the P5, growing economic strength, including the nuclear deals with US, Russia, rapprochement with China paints a favourable picture for Indian Explicit public declarations supporting India’s candidature as a permanent member in the Council are reiterated by countries like France, UK

  • India has also formed the G4 with Brazil, Germany, and Japan, its “coalition of the willing”, and a “collaborative strategy” to negotiate reforms of the Council.
  • The four nations support each other's bids for permanent seats on an expanded Security Council.
  • Uniting for Consensus (UfC) is a movement, nicknamed the Coffee Club, that developed in the 1990s in opposition to the possible expansion of permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.
  • Under the leadership of Italy, South Korea, Argentina and Pakistan, it aims to counter the bids for permanent seats proposed by G4 nations (Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan) and is calling for a consensus before any decision is reached on the form and size of the Security Council.
Why delay in reforms?
  • Lack of Political will- Changing the composition of the P5 involves changing the UN’s charter which will further require the backing of two-thirds of the General Assembly including the current P5 which is difficult to obtain due to lack of political will and consensus among them.
  • Lack of consensus among member States and regional groups like G-4, L-69, African Union, Uniting for Consensus, Organization of Islamic Conference and also divergent demands of various groups.
  • Use of Veto power
Credentials for India’s bid for membership
  • Founding member of UN.
  • World’s largest democracy and both demographically and geographically holds a significant position.
  • One of the fastest growing large economies in the world.
  • One of the largest contributors to UN peace keeping missions and India suffered highest number of fatalities over the years, which is acknowledged time and again.
  • India is seen as a responsible nuclear power, which adheres to rule of law, global norms. India’s elevation will make UNSC more credible, representative. (No first use policy).
  • Highest refugee accepting nation.
  • India has upper hand in POK, but India obey International Organisation & Try to solve the dispute peacefully.

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