Cyber Security

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As per Information Technology Act, 2000, “Cyber security means protecting information, equipment, devices computer, computer resource, communication device and information stored therein from unauthorised access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification or destruction”.

  • Cyber Crime - Financial, Criminal (Identity theft, Stalking, Sexual).
  • Cyber Terrorism - Intimidate government, Citizen - by non-State actors.
  • Cyber Warfare - State Actors.
  • Cyber Espionage - to gain illicit access to confidential information (Intelligence Gathering).
  • Cyberspace has become key component in the formulation and execution of public policies.
    • It is used by government to process and store sensitive and critical data which if compromised can have devastating impact.
    • Taking down cyberspace will result into disruption of many critical public services like railways, defense systems, communication system, banking and other financial system etc.
    • Several states are developing the capabilities in the area of cyberattacks which can alter outcomes in the battlefield.
    • Individuals are using internet based services at a growing pace making them vulnerable to cybercrimes, such as- online bank frauds, surveillance, profiling, violation of privacy etc.


  • The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) in 2019 registered a 63.5% jump in cybercrime cases over 2018.
  • During 2019, 60.4% of cyber-crime cases registered were for the motive of fraud, followed by sexual exploitation with 5.1% and causing disrepute with 4.2%.
  • The Internet Crime Report for 2019, released by USA's Internet Crime Complaint Centre (IC3) of the FBI, has revealed that India stands third in the world among the top 20 countries that are victims of Internet crimes.
  • The National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal, setup by the government in 2019, received over 33,000 complaints till Feb 2020, resulting in lodging of 790 FIRs.

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